Acceleration & Newton’s Second Law
Calculate force F = m × a and acceleration in m/s².
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Formula & How Acceleration & Newton’s Second Law Works
Newton's second law states that force equals mass times acceleration, so a = F ÷ m. A 1,200 kg car with a net forward force of 3,000 N accelerates at 3,000 ÷ 1,200 = 2.5 m/s². At that rate it reaches 100 km/h (27.8 m/s) in 27.8 ÷ 2.5 = about 11.1 seconds. Net force means the force left after you subtract friction, drag and other resisting forces, so real acceleration is usually less than a simple engine-force figure suggests. Doubling the mass halves the acceleration for the same force, which is why a heavy vehicle takes longer to speed up and to stop.
- Enter Object Mass (kg): Input your target parameter value.
- Enter Applied Force (N): Input your target parameter value.
- Apply Formula: Calculate using
F = m × a => a = F / m. - Review Results: View exact computed answers, metrics, and worked mathematical proofs.
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is 1 Newton of force?
The force required to accelerate 1 kg at 1 m/s².
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